Clay glossary

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Saggars Fire clay boxes of various shapes, in which ware is placed to protect it from contamination or flame impingement during firing.

Salt Glaze A glaze is applied to ware within the kiln by throwing some salt onto the flames during firing, the ensuing vapour then reacts with the clay surface to form a sodium alumino-silicate glaze.

Scumming The formation of dull scum on the glaze surface, caused by gases present in the kiln atmosphere, or sulphates present in the body or in the kiln gases.

Sedimentation The settling out, on standing, of particles from suspension in a liquid. This can occur when a casting slip or glaze is left overnight.

Sgraffito The cutting or scratching through the outer colour or engobe, using a sgraffito tool, to expose the clay body underneath.

Silk Screen A decorating technique where the colour in paste form is forced by the means of a squeegee through a fine mesh and onto a clay surface.

Sintering The adhesion and densification of particles of a single compound on heating.

Slip The suspension of a clay body in water, used for casting ware in moulds. Deflocculants are added to keep the clay in suspension.

Soak To maintain a pre-arranged temperature in the kiln for a particular time.

Spalling The flaking, cracking or other disintegration of ceramics when subjected to sudden temperature changes.

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